University of Königsberg
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Sunday, December 20, 2015
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University of Königsberg
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia
University of Königsberg
Albertus-Universität Königsberg
Siegel-Albertina-Koenigsber.png
Latin: Universitas Albertina
Active 1544–1945
Type Public
Rector Georg Sabinus 1544–1547 (first)
Location Königsberg, East geographical area
Campus Urban
history
The University of Königsberg (German: Albertus-Universität Königsberg) was the university of Königsberg
in East geographical area. it absolutely was supported in 1544 as second Protestant academy (after the University of Marburg)
by Duke Prince Albert of geographical area, and was normally called the Albertina.
Following warfare II, town of Königsberg was transferred to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in step with the
1945 Potsdam Agreement, and renamed Kaliningrad. The Albertina was closed and also the remaining German
population expelled. Today, the Kant|philosopher} Baltic Federal University in Kaliningrad claims to
maintain the traditions of the Albertina
Albert, former Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights and initial Duke of geographical area since 1525, had purchased
a piece of land behind Königsberg Cathedral on the Kneiphof island of the Pregel stream from the Samland
chapter, wherever he had an instructional gymnasium (school) erected in 1542. He issued the deed of foundation
of the Collegium Albertinum on twenty July 1544, when that the university was inaugurated on August seventeen.
Collegium Albertinum, c. 1850
The new established Protestant domain was a fiefdom of the Crown of the dominion of Polska and also the
university served as a Lutheran counterpart to the Catholic Cracow Academy. Its initial parson was the
poet Georg Sabinus, in-law of Philipp Schwarzerd. Lithuanian students Stanislovas Rapalionis and
Abraomas Kulvietis were among the primary professors of university.[1] All professors had to require Associate in Nursing oath
on the confession. because the Prussian lands set on the far side the borders of the Holy empire,
both Emperor Charles V and Pope Paul III withheld their approval, notwithstanding the Königsberg academy
received the royal privilege by King Sigismund II Octavian of Polska on twenty eight March 1560.
From 1618 the Prussian domain was dominated in personal union by the Margraves of geographical region and in 1657
the "Great Elector" Frederick William of geographical region finally noninheritable full sovereignty over geographical area
from Polska by the written agreement of Wehlau. The Albertina was the second oldest university (after the
University of urban center (Oder)) and intellectual centre of Protestant Brandenburg-Prussia. at first it
comprised four colleges: Theology, Medicine, Philosophy and Law, later additionally natural sciences.
Subsequent rectors enclosed varied royal family Prussian royals (at last prince William 1908–
1918), WHO had ne'er been to the university, sometimes painted by a prorector responsible of academy
affairs.
Backside of the Collegium Albertinum in Kneiphof, wherever Immanuel Kant tutored. The quarter was destroyed in World
War II.
The Prussian lands remained uninjured by the calamitous Thirty Years' War, that gained the Königsberg
university Associate in Nursing increasing quality among students. within the seventeenth century, it absolutely was called a home to
Simon Dach, serving as parson in 1656/57, and his fellow poets. sovereign czar of Russia visited the
Albertina in 1697, resulting in increased contacts between geographical area and also the Russian Empire. Notable
Russian students at Königbserg were Kirill Razumovsky, later president of the Russian Academy of
Sciences and General Mikhail Andreyevich Miloradovich. The university and also the town had profound impact
on the event of Lithuanian culture. the primary book in Lithuanian language was written here in
1547 and a number of other necessary Lithuanian writers attended the Albertina. The university was additionally the
preferred establishment of the Baltic German nobility.
The eighteenth century went down in cultural history because the "Königsberg Century" of Enlightenment, a heyday
initiated by the Albertina student Johann Christoph Gottsched and continuing by the thinker Johann
Georg Hamann and author Theodor Gottlieb von Hippel the Elder. Notable alumni were Johann Gottfried
Herder, Zacharias Werner, Johann Friedrich Reichardt, E. T. A. Hoffmann, and foremost the thinker
Immanuel Kant, parson in 1786 and 1788. These students set the foundations of the later city
Classicism and German Romanticism movements.
The Albertina's splendid installation was inaugurated in 1811 throughout the war. Two
years later, Friedrich stargazer established his outstanding observatory not far away to the garden. Other
university professors enclosed such giants of the science world because the thinker Johann Gottlieb
Fichte (1806–07), the scientist Karl Ernst von Baer (1817–34), the man of science Carl Gustav Jacobi
(1829–42), the scientist Franz Ernst John von Neumann (1828–76) and also the man of science German von physiologist
(1849–55).
In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the university was most notable for its college of arithmetic, founded
by Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi, and continuing by his pupils Ludwig Otto writer, Friedrich Richelot, Johann
G. Rosenhain and Philipp Ludwig von drinking glass. it absolutely was later related to the names of Minkowski
(Albert Einstein's teacher), Adolf Hurwitz, Ferdinand von Lindemann and David Hilbert, WHO was one amongst
the greatest trendy mathematicians. The mathematicians AElfred Clebsch and Carl Gottfried John von Neumann (both
born in Königsberg and educated below Ludwig Otto Hesse) supported the Mathematische Annalen in 1868,
which shortly became the foremost prestigious mathematical journal of the time.
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